This page presents figures and recordings related to the research reported in a conference paper entitled "Pitch and Voice Quality Characteristics of the Lexical Word-Tones of Tamang, as Compared with Level Tones (Naxi data) and Pitch-plus-Voice-Quality Tones (Vietnamese data)". (Authors: Alexis Michaud and Martine Mazaudon.) The paper itself (in PDF format) can be downloaded here.
Note that these 10 figures are with HALVED standard deviation: the standard deviation is so high that showing the full standard deviation would make the figures extremely difficult to read.
Figures are in .eps format; they can be opened with GhostView, as well as with other software such as AdobePhotoshop.
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Monosyllables: Speaker M1. Speaker M2. Speaker M3. Speaker M4. Speaker M5. |
Disyllables: Speaker M1. Speaker M2. Speaker M3. Speaker M4. Speaker M5. |
Format: .wav, sampling rate: 44,100 Hz.
The example chosen is a 'minimal quadruplet': 1ku:-pa 'to wear [a hat]', 2ku:-pa 'to train [oxen]', 3ku:-pa 'to draw towards oneself', 4ku:-pa 'to lie in ambush'. The first word of the carrier sentence is 2cu-ri 'here'. (Tone is indicated as a superscript figure before the first syllable of the phonological word that carries it.)
Note the realisation of the initial stop of suffix /-pa/ as a voiced consonant or even an approximant.
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Audio signal: Tone 1 (audio). Tone 2 (audio). Tone 3 (audio). Tone 4 (audio). |
Electroglottographic signal: Tone 1 (EGG signal). Tone 2 (EGG signal). Tone 3 (EGG signal). Tone 4 (EGG signal). |